Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are chromaffin cell tumors that arise from neuroectodermal cells. These tumors are characterized by a very heterogeneous natural history and an unpredictable ability to metastasize. The rate of metastatic disease ranges from lessthan 1% to 79%, depending on tumor site and size, age at diagnosis and genotype.30% are considered to be hereditary. Primary hyperparathyroidism can be associated with PPLGs. We report a case o...

Introduction: The Munchausen syndrome, also known as factitious disorder, involves a compulsion to simulate illness or trauma. Individuals may go as far as taking medication or inflicting harm on their bodies to evoke compassion. The aim of this report is to illustrate the example of factitious hypoglycemia, one of the most common forms of factitious disorders in the endocrine-metabolic field, accounting for 4-11% of all non-diabetic hypoglycemias.Observ...

Introduction: Tumors of the pineal region are rare, constitute 0.5% to 1% of intracranial tumors in adults in Europe and the United States. Anatomical location deeply buried under the cerebral hemispheres behind the third ventricle and the brainstem, and the variety of different histological types explain management difficulties. Cysts of the pineal gland, often calcified, may go unnoticed and be discovered during autopsy especially in the elderly, but some cysts are symptomat...

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a serious disease which is on the increase worldwide, particularly in poor and developing countries, killing 3.000.000 people every year. Preferential localization is lungs, kidneys and the bones. Rare at the brain, it’s exceptional at the pituitary gland. Diagnosis is usually very difficult, even simulate a pituitary adenoma, thus imposing a surgical treatment, and it is the pathologist who will rectify the diagnosis.O...

Introduction: Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome is a congenital anomaly of the pituitary gland responsible for GH deficiency or global pituitary insufficiency, characterized by abnormalities visible on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) associating a thin or interrupted pituitary stalk, ectopic posterior pituitary, and hypoplastic anterior pituitary. Mutations in the HESX1 transcription factor or the LHX4 gene may be the cause of this anomaly, but a prenatal origin cannot be...

Introduction: Thyroid nodules are much less common in children and adolescents than in adults. However, thyroid nodules in children are more likely to be malignant. Most thyroid cancers in children are differentiated thyroid cancers, which arise from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. Although extremely rare (1.5% of all tumours before the age of 15), there are two types of differentiated thyroid cancer in children: papillary and follicular. Around 90% of paediatric th...